There’s a battle inside the Trump administration over what to do
about the Muslim Brotherhood, the group at the center of Monday’s
pivotal decision by Saudi Arabia, Egypt, the United Arab Emirates and
Bahrain to cut ties with Qatar over allegations it supports terrorism,
experts familiar with the situation say.
The debate reaches deep
inside Washington politics, where Qatar has poured money in recent
years, deepening a rift in American policy circles over what to do about
the Muslim Brotherhood. The immensely influential group has long been
considered a supporter of terrorism by several key American allies
including Egypt, Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates.
The
camps inside the White House, according to sources, break down to two
groups: On one side is a political group led by Chief Strategist Steve
Bannon and the other side is led by National Security Adviser H.R.
McMaster and Defense Secretary Jim Mattis. Generals McMaster and Mattis
are said to be concerned about America’s deep military commitment to
Qatar, where the U.S. operates a key airbase; Bannon is said to want to
push for an official designation of the Muslim Brotherhood as a Foreign
Terrorist Organization.
Arab nations cut ties with Qatar in new Mideast crisis
When
asked if the U.S. is considering changing its position, a State
Department official told Fox News: “The Muslim Brotherhood is not a
Foreign Terrorist Organization.”
The sources say there was a
high-level White House meeting between the two factions about two months
ago, and the Bannon team gave way amid significant pushback. And it
wasn’t just from the national security team.
“The real pushback
was in the public. Several dozen analysts writing pieces online how this
would destroy our diplomatic relations and diminish American influence
around the world,” said Jonathan Schanzer of the Foundation for the
Defense of Democracies, “they argued it would look Islamophobic.”
For
example, the prestigious Brookings Institute, which considers itself
non-partisan, said “there is not a single American expert on the Muslim
Brotherhood who supports designating them as a Foreign Terrorist
Organization.”
Shadi Hamid, a Brookings Senior Fellow, wrote on
the Institute’s website that most Islamists belong to “mainstream Muslim
groups like the Muslim Brotherhood.”
Hamas denies Qatar to expel leaders, but says some to move
“Mainstream
Islamist groups accept the nation-state and work within the structures
of the nation-state,” he wrote. “These groups are not stoking revolution
or orchestrating terrorist attacks.”
Experts who have had close ties to Bannon worry that such analysis is getting through to the president.
“There
is now a real danger that President Donald Trump, who came to office
promising a very different approach to the whole phenomenon of what he
called radical Islamic terrorism at the time, and is now calling
Islamist extremism, is being subjected to some of the same seduction
that the Brothers were able to engage in during past presidents,” said
Frank Gaffney of the right-leaning Center for Security Policy.
Gaffney
argued that such influence is suspect because Brookings, like some
other big Washington think-tanks, has taken millions in funding from
Qatar, the country accused of supporting terrorism by many of its
neighbors. Qatar gave Brookings a $14.8 million, four-year donation in
2013, and has helped fund a Brookings affiliate in Qatar and a project
on United States relations with the Islamic world.
“I think at
best they are useful idiots when it comes to what the Muslim Brotherhood
is trying to do,” Gaffney told Fox News, “at worst they are absolutely
on board with it.”
Schanzer could not speak specifically about
Brookings, but “what I can say is that Qatar spends a lot of money to
make sure their perspective is heard in Washington.”
He says
that’s problematic “because at the very least certain aspects of the
discussion are being omitted because of a patron-client relationship.”
Those
aspects of the discussion involve a growing belief among prominent
former officials that at least some factions of the Brotherhood deserve
greater scrutiny than the U.S. has subjected the group to in recent
years.
Former Defense Secretary Robert Gates, who served six
presidents, including President Obama, recently told Fox News that the
terrorist group Hamas is a direct offshoot of the Muslim Brotherhood.
“The
Muslim Brotherhood is generally regarded as the ideological forerunner
of both al-Qaeda and ISIS,” Gates said. “It seems to me, by and large,
if it looks like a duck and it walks like a duck, maybe it's a duck.”
Gaffney
goes even further, “I think what we’re dealing with is not terrorism
anymore. What the Brits are facing is an actual Islamic insurgency.”
But the Brotherhood is not a “homogeneous” organization, said Schanzer.
“The
Brotherhood in Tunisia is a political, non-violent organization and the
Prime Minister of Morocco is in a Muslim Brotherhood arm,” he said, “On
the other hand you’ve got two violent factions in Egypt and the
Brotherhood in Yemen has long standing ties to Al Qaeda. These are the
kinds of differences that a treasury designation process could
highlight.”
That’s why Gates cautions the Trump administration to
get more information before an official declaration of the Brotherhood
as a Foreign Terrorist Organization.
“I'm not sure we've
investigated potential financial channeling from using Muslim
Brotherhood resources and their networks to channel money to terrorist
groups,” Gates said, “And I think if that's not already being done,
that's a potential lucrative intelligence target.”
Schanzer agrees. He told Fox News there is a possible compromise solution.
“Task
Treasury to research the various factions of the Brotherhood to
determine which are supporting terrorism,” he said, “let the
intelligence do the talking, and potentially lower the political
temperature.”